seven kingdoms

 The term "Seven Kingdoms" is most commonly associated with the fictional realm in the "A Song of Ice and Fire" series of novels written by George R.R. Martin. The books served as the basis for the popular television series "Game of Thrones." 

In this fictional world, the Seven Kingdoms refer to the major regions of Westeros, the continent where most of the story takes place. The Seven Kingdoms were historically independent realms ruled by different houses, but they were eventually unified into a single kingdom under the Targaryen dynasty. However, after the downfall of the Targaryens, the realm dissolved into separate political entities again.

The Seven Kingdoms include:

1. The North: The largest of the seven regions, ruled by House Stark from Winterfell.

2. The Iron Islands: An archipelago off the west coast, ruled by House Greyjoy.

3. The Vale of Arryn: A mountainous region in the east, ruled by House Arryn from the Eyrie.

4. The Riverlands: Situated in the central part of Westeros, ruled by House Tully.

5. The Westerlands: A wealthy region in the west, controlled by House Lannister.

6. The Reach: Known for its fertile lands, ruled by House Tyrell.

7. Dorne: A desert region in the south, ruled by House Martell.

It's important to note that the political landscape in the "A Song of Ice and Fire" series is complex and subject to change throughout the story. Additionally, there are other regions and territories beyond the Seven Kingdoms, such as the Crownlands and the Stormlands, which play significant roles in the narrative.